Changes in fish community structures in a coastal lagoon in the Gulf of California, México

Coastal lagoons are characterized by high diversity, richness, and abundance of fishes, which can be modified by high variability of environmental conditions. The present study aims to describe the structure of the fish community and related its seasonal variability with temperature and salinity in a coastal lagoon. During 6 seasonal sampling campaigns 4,199 fish were collected and grouped in 95 species. The results indicated that richness, diversity and evenness indices showed similar pattern with higher values in autumn 2010, spring 2011 and 2012, abundance was higher in autumn 2010, summer 2011 and 2012 and biomass in autumn 2010 and summer 2011. Relationship of temperature and salinity through the RDA analysis with ecological parameters indicated that some dominant species are of warm affinity and other of cold affinity. Richness and diversity increase during cold seasons, while biomass and evenness increase in seasons of higher salinity and abundance increases in warm seasons. The ABC curves showed moderate stress in winter and summer 2012 and MDS indicate the formation of 4 groups, two integrated by 2 sampling periods and two by single sampling period. Ecological parameters showed seasonal variations because they are influenced by changes of temperature and salinity.